2Ignacio Alvarez-Ossorio, "Syria's Struggling Civil Society", Middle East Quarterly, Vol.XIX: No.2, Spring 2012, p.31.
3Joshua Landis, "The Syrian Uprising of 2011: Why the Asad Re- gime'Is Likely to Survive to 2013", Middle East Poh'ey, Vol. XIX, No. 1, Spring 2012, pp.72--84.