化学液相还原法制备零价铁纳米颗粒研究进展及展望

Review and prospect of zerovalent iron nanoparticles synthesized by chemical solution reduction process

零价铁纳米颗粒磁性能卓越应用潜力巨大,已受到广泛关注。本文综述了采用化学液相还原法制备纳米铁的研究进展。总结了纳米铁制备过程中容易团聚和氧化两个关键问题:使用稳定剂可降低纳米铁团聚程度,表面包覆外壳可抑制纳米铁深度氧化。并详细介绍了水合肼、多元醇、碱金属硼氢化物3种常用还原剂的还原性能及其在制备过程中表现出的优缺点。提出化学液相还原制备纳米铁技术的发展依赖于对稳定剂与包覆剂的深入研究,对于还原反应工艺流程的工业化放大以及如何降低成本。

Zerovalent iron nanoparticles（ZVINs） have attracted much attention for their excellent magnetic properties and great potential in many practical applications.This review summarizes the details of synthesizing ZVINs by chemical reduction of iron salts in aqueous solution.ZVINs are easy to agglomerate and oxidize,which makes them difficult to prepare,study,and utilize.Agglomeration of ZVINs can be largely inhibited by stabilizing them with various dispersing agents and oxidation of ZVINs can be minimized by coating them with different shells.In the chemical solution reduction process,three kinds of reducing agents of hydrazine hydrate and polyols and alkali metal borohydrides with different reduction performance are often used to synthesize ZVINs.The advantages and disadvantages of these reducing agents for synthesizing ZVINs are discussed.Further developments of the chemical solution reduction process,to a great extent,depend on the insight into the behavior of dispersing agents and coated shells,on the industrial scale-up of the chemical reduction process,and on the low-cost preparation of ZVINs.