微波辅助合成壳聚糖基高吸水性树脂

MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF CHITOSAN-g-POLY(ACRYLIC ACID) SUPERABSORBENT POLYMERS

在水溶性引发剂过硫酸钾(KDS)的引发下,用微波辐照使丙烯酸在壳聚糖分子链上接枝聚合,并加入N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺进行适度交联,制备高吸水性树脂。利用FT-IR对产物结构进行定性表征,结果表明,丙烯酸在壳聚糖的分子链上发生了接枝聚合反应。研究了反应条件对产物吸液性能的影响,并通过正交试验对工艺条件进行优化。在最佳条件下合成产物的吸水倍率为815.0g/g,吸生理盐水倍率为72.2g/g,吸人工尿液倍率为67.5g/g。在微波作用下产物合成速率是传统方法的数十倍,吸液性能明显高于后者,且操作条件容易控制,后处理步骤明显简化,无污染,是一种高效的清洁生产工艺。

A chitosan-g-poly（acrylic acid）（CTS-g-PAA） superabsorbent polymers was prepared by graft polymerization among chitosan（CTS） and acrylic acid（AA） under microwave irradiation,using potassium persulfate as an initiator and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker.The samples were characterized by FT-IR.The results showed that chitosan molecular chain participated in graft polymerization reaction with acrylic acid.The effect of polymerization variables,including the weight ratio of acrylic acid to chitosan,the neutralization degree of AA,content of initiator,crosslinker and acetic acid,the power of the microwave irradiation and heating mode,on water absorbency were studied.The optimal synthetic conditions were founded through orthogonal experiment.Under the optimum conditions,the absorption power was 815.0g/g,72.2g/g,67.5g/g for distill water,0.9% NaCl solution and artificial urine,respectively.It showed that the microwave irradiation method ould increase the reaction rate by more than ten times over the conventional method.The absorption power was also better than the conventional method.Furthermore,this method is simple and without waste drainage,which is a cleanly technology for producing superabsorbent polymers.