短距离场地自行车运动项目制胜的核心因素解析

Core Factors in Winning Short Distance Track Cycling

我国女子短距离场地自行车运动员的竞技能力水平近年来有了明显的提高,但大赛成绩却不理想。面对这一现实,运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、跟踪调查法、个案分析法、数理统计及逻辑分析法等多种研究方法,对我国女子短距离场地自行车运动项目制胜的核心因素进行解析。研究表明:对自行车专项运动成绩有决定性影响的因素称为制胜因素,制胜因素以及制胜因素之间的内在本质的联系构成了项目的制胜规律,运动员竞技能力的发展水平运用于比赛之中即为其制胜能力;场地自行车运动员是运动训练与参赛的主体,自行车比赛中对运动员竞技能力充分发挥的理想要求即是其制胜的核心要素,主要包括:全程高速能力、技术合理稳定能力、战术灵活运用能力、连续多赛能力、拼搏争胜能力。在实践中,亦可简称为"快、稳、灵、多、搏"五个要素。

The level of competing ability of women short-distance track cycling athletes has been improved significantly in recent years, but the contest results are not ideal in the world games. Faced with this reality, this article uses literature prin- ciple, expert interview principle, following-up survey principle, case analysis principle, mathematical statistics principle, log- ical analysis principle and so on to make a deep study on the core factors in winning short distance track cycling. The result shows that the factors that have decisive influence on race results are called winning factors. The winning factors and the correlations between them consist of winning laws. The level of the development of competitive ability is called the winning ability. The athlete is the subject of the training and the race, and the ideal requirements for the exertion of the winning abil- ity of athlete is the core winning factors which include high-speed ability in the full race, the stable-ability of the skill, the ability to use tactics flexibly, the ability to enter race continuously, the ability to struggle for triumph, which are also called ＂quick, and steady, flexibility, many, spelling＂.