毛竹施用城市生活污泥的效果及安全性研究

The Application of Municipal Sewage Sludge on Bamboo Field: Effectiveness and Safety Assessment

为了研究毛竹施用城市生活污泥的效果及安全性,将污泥制成堆肥施用于竹林,对污泥的肥效及重金属在污泥、土壤和竹笋中的含量进行了测定和分析.结果表明:各处理厂污泥中有机物、氮、磷、钾的含量均很丰富,是一种优质的有机肥;各处理厂污泥中重金属含量差异很大,单独施用,有很大的安全隐患,但混合施用,安全性增加.相关实验证实:对于毛竹,污泥堆肥的肥效优于等价值的化学肥料,而且肥效持久,但最佳施用量有待进一步研究;短期施用污泥,污泥中的重金属不会对竹园土和竹笋产生安全危害,但长期施用,安全性有待进一步研究.

The municipal sewage sludge （MSS） was applied to a bamboo field to assess its effectiveness and safety issues. The influence of MSS on the growth rate of bamboo was analyzed. The laboratory analysis was also conducted to determine the level of heavy metals in the MSS, soil, and bamboo shoots. Rich organic matter, N, P, and K were revealed for MSS from all five different wastewater treatment plants. A large difference in the level of heavy metals was identified. There might be high risk if MSS from each of the wastewater treatment plants is applied individually. However, the safety concern can be reduced if the MSS from five plants are mixed before their application. For the bamboo field, the experiments confirmed that the efficiency of MSS is higher than those of chemical fertilizers with similar prices. Furthermore, the efficiency of MSS can be maintained at a relatively high level, although additional study is needed to determine the optimum application rate. This study suggests that the short-term implementation of MSS has no negative impacts on soil quality and bamboo shoots, but additional research is needed with regard to the impacts of long-term applications.