基于InVEST模型的生态系统服务功能价值评估研究框架

The Assessment Framework of Ecosystem Service Value Based on InVEST Model

生态系统服务功能定量评估是合理有效利用自然资源、保护生态环境、协调自然与人类可持续发展的基础,也是生态补偿核算及生态系统综合管理的理论依据.国内外学者在生态系统服务功能分类和定量评估方面做了大量工作,目前众多分类中以MA的分类得到普遍认可;生态系统服务功能定量评估亦有诸多方法,其中物质量、价值量和能值方法估算结果动态性不足,且空间化表达和分析比较困难;RS和GIS能实现部分功能空间化动态评估,但对旅游价值、科研文化价值估算方面则略显不足;基于GIS平台的InVEST模型以空间数据为基础,量化多种生态系统服务功能并以地图的形式表达出来,实现了生态系统服务功能定量评估的空间化和动态化,是生态系统服务功能定量评估的新方法和新工具.

The quantitative evaluation of ecosystem service is the foundation of reasonable and effective use of natural resources, protection of the ecological environment, harmonious development between the human and the nature, and is also the theoretical basis of ecological compensation and Ecosystem service comprehensive management. Scholars both at home and abroad do a lot of work in the ecosystem service function classification and quantitative evaluation. At present, the classification of MA is the more recognized in many classifications. In many of the quantitative evaluation method, the content quality method, the magnitude value method and the energy analysis method which used to estimate produce static result, and not realize the spatialization; RS and GIS can realize the function of dynamic and spatial evaluation, but not sufficient for tourism value, scientific research and cultural value estimated; The INVEST model based on GIS platform , using map as the data source, quantify multiple ecosystem service and export the evaluation result in the form of map, realize the spatial and dynamic evaluation of the ecosystem service, is the new method and new tool for quantitative evaluation of ecosystem service.