ICU主要感染病原菌与非ICU菌株耐药性比较分析

ICU Mainly Infected with Resistant Strains of Pathogenic and Non-ICU Comparative Analysis

目的:探讨ICU主要感染病原菌与非ICU菌株耐药性比较分析,为预防ICU感染提供科学依据。方法:选取2008年1月～2012年1月入住我院的ICU患者和非ICU患者共598例,其中男性患者362例,女性患者236例,年龄区间为21～67岁,平均年龄38.4岁。所有患者中外科患者218例,内科患者156例,妇产科患者224例。ICU患者161例,非ICU患者437例。于2008年1月～2012年1月分时段随机对本院的ICU病区及病区患者以及于普通病区住院患者进行菌株采集,按微生物学常规进行细菌的培养、分离和鉴定。细菌的采集样本主要有ICU病区患者以及非ICU患者的尿液、血液、痰、伤口及患者的各种分泌物等,此外还对ICU病区的空气、地面、管道、用水、仪器器械等进行样本采集。以上三类细菌样本分别命名为ICU患者组、ICU病区组、非ICU组。分别对以上三组样本进行耐药性分析。结果:病原菌主要分布于患者的痰液、伤口周围以及ICU仪器器械表面。ICU病区组的病原菌抗药性明显高于其余两组,ICU患者组的病原菌抗药性次之,非ICU组的病原菌抗药性最弱。结论:ICU病区病原菌的抗药性过高,治疗期间需要选取耐药性较低的药物进行抗感染,并加强医院的ICU病区管理,防止抗生素滥用。

Objective： To investigate the ICU mainly infected with resistant strains of pathogenic and non-ICU analysis,provide a scientific basis for the prevention of ICU infections.Methods：ICU patients and non-ICU patients admitted to our hospital in January 2008～January 2012 a total of 598 cases including 362 cases of male patients,236 cases of female patients,age range 21～67 years old,average age of 38.4 years.218 cases of all patients,surgical patients,medical patients（n= 156）,224 cases of obstetrics and gynecology patients.ICU patients 161 cases,437 cases of non-ICU patients.Random hospital in ICU and ward patients and hospitalized patients in the general ward strain collection,microbiology routine bacterial culture,isolation and identification in the month of January 2008 2012 1 period.The collected samples of bacteria in ICU patients and non-ICU patients with urine,blood,sputum,wound and patients with various discharge,ICU in addition to air,ground,pipelines,water,apparatus,equipment,etc.sample collection.The above three types of bacterial samples were named as the ICU patient group,the ICU ward group,non-ICU group.The above three groups of samples for analysis of drug resistance.Results：The pathogens are mainly distributed in the patient＇s sputum,wound around the ICU instrument equipment surfaces.Pathogen resistance in ICU group was significantly higher than the other two groups,drug-resistant pathogens,followed by group of ICU patients,non-ICU group of pathogens resistant to the weakest.Conclusion：ICU pathogen resistance is too high during treatment need to select the lower drug resistance to anti-infective,and strengthen the management of the hospital in ICU to prevent the abuse of antibiotics.