门静脉部分缩窄制作SD大鼠门静脉海绵样变性动物模型

Partial constriction of the portal vein produced a SD rat portal vein cavernous transformation of animal models

目的采用门静脉部分缩窄法建立SD大鼠门静脉海绵样变性(CTPV)的动物模型,观察成模过程中门静脉压力、门静脉及周围组织的结构变化,为临床及基础研究提供可靠、稳定的模型动物。方法将SD大鼠100只,随机分为2组:假手术组和模型组,每组各50只。模型组用21G口径的钝头针对大鼠门静脉部分缩窄术;假手术组仅对门静脉进行游离探查,不进行缩窄。各组分别在术后1、2、3、4、6w随机取出10只,行门静脉测压、门静脉造影、病理学等观察门静脉及其周围组织侧支循环的形成情况。结果假手术组大鼠术后各时间段均未形成门脉高压,门静脉造影未见有侧支循环形成。模型组术后1w即形成门静脉高压,门静脉造影显示术后第3w,肝门区可见向肝性侧支循环,术后6w,门静脉区形成典型的海绵样变性。结论用21G钝针头行门静脉部分缩窄,可以复制出类似CTPV的大鼠模型。术后3w门静脉压力达到高峰,以后稍有下降并逐渐趋于稳定,在术后3w门静脉已出现向肝性侧支循环,到6w时形成典型的门静脉海绵样变性改变。

Objective： The animal models of cavernous transformation of the portal vein （CTPV） are established by means of partial constriction of portal vein in order to study the changes of the portal vein pressure and the structure of portal vein and its surround- ing tissues during the modeling process, which will provide reliable and stable model animals for clinical and basic research of CTPV. Methods： A total of 100 Sprague -Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into two groups： sham operation group and model group, with 50 rats in each group. The partial constriction operation on portal vein was performed in model group with a blunt 21G caliber to establish CTPV animal models; while the exploratory operation on portal vein, not constriction, was performed in sham operation group, 10 rats were randomly chosen each time at 1st, 2nd, 3td, 4th, 6th week after surgery （five times） to observe the formation of collateral circulation of portal vein and its peripheral tissues by performing portal vein pressure measurement, portal vein radiography, and histopathological examination. Results： The rats in the sham operation group never devoloped portal vein hypertension at any period of time after surgery. The portal vein angiography showed no formation of collateral circulation. Portal hypertension occurred one week after surgery in the model group. The portal pressure increased gradually in the five time periods after surgery. Portography showed an irregular vascular group in Hepatic Portal Area （HPA） in the 6th week after surgery. By the 6th week after surgery, typical cavernous transformation in portal vein area devoloped.