不同施肥处理对膜下滴灌玉米光合特性和产量的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizer Treatments on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Maize Yield under Mulched Drip Irrigation

在膜下滴灌的条件下,研究有机无机肥配施对玉米光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明:有机无机肥配施可明显增加叶片叶绿素含量、蒸腾速率和气孔导度值,进而提高叶片的净光合速率。不同肥料处理下的玉米叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度从大口期到成熟期呈现先升高后降低的趋势,最高值均在抽雄吐丝期,且随着玉米生育时期的推进,有机无机肥料配施与其他处理间的光合生理指标差异逐渐增大,有机无机肥料配施呈现出明显优势。叶片胞间CO2浓度的变化呈现先降低而后在成熟期略有升高的趋势,以对照处理含量最高,有机无机肥配施最低。不同处理的产量高低为M+NPK>NPK>M>ck。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilizer treatments on photosyn-thetic characteristics and maize yield under mulched drip irrigation. The results showed that chlorophyll content, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance and then photosynthetic rate were increased in the treatment of combining organic manure with chemical fertilizers. During the whole stage, the peaks of all the photosynthetic indexes appeared at the silking stage, while the concentration of carbon dioxide pre- sented the opposite trend. During the later growth stage, all photosynthetic indexes in the treatment of combining organic manure with chemical fertilizers were significantly higher than those of other treat-ments. The sequence of maize yield was M ＋ NPK 〉 NPK 〉 M 〉 ck.