锦灯笼根茎均一多糖P_Ⅰ、P_Ⅱ的制备及其结构研究

Studies on Preparation and Structure of Homogeneous Polysaccharides P_Ⅰ,P_Ⅱ from Rhizome of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii

采用水提醇沉法提取锦灯笼根茎中的粗多糖,不同乙醇浓度分级醇沉制得精制多糖,再通过葡聚糖凝胶(Sephadex G-200)色谱法获得2个均一多糖(PⅠ、PⅡ)。采用高效液相色谱法测定均一多糖的纯度及分子量,PMP柱前衍生HPLC法测定单糖组成,红外光谱和13C核磁共振分析均一多糖结构。试验结果表明:PⅠ、PⅡ均为均一性很好的多糖,峰位分子量分别为211 257 D、109 441 D,重均分子量(Mw)分别为330 156 D、172 900 D,数均分子量(Mn)分别为223 934 D、79 693 D,分布宽度(Mw/Mn)分别为1.47 435、2.16 959;PⅠ主要由甘露糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖组成,质量比为1.00∶14.94∶7.22∶48.45∶12.62∶6.96∶3.23,它们的残基都是由β-苷键连接;PⅡ主要由甘露糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖组成,质量比为1.00∶2.58∶2.22∶7.04∶3.11∶1.35,残基是由β-苷键连接。均一多糖PⅠ、PⅡ为首次从锦灯笼根茎中分离得到的一种新的酸性杂多糖。

To extract polysaccharides from rhizome of Physalis alkekengi L var. franchetii, using water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, polysaccharide was refined with different concentrations of ethanol and alcohol precipitation classification system, and two homogeneous polysaccharides （PⅠ , P Ⅱ ） were further obtained with Sephadex （Sephadex G - 200） chromatography. Homogeneous polysaccharide purity and molecular weight were determined using high performance liquid chromatography; Monosaccha-ride composition and structure were tested using pre-column derivatization HPLC method, IR and 13 C NMR. The results indicate that both PⅠ and PⅡ were of good homogeneous polysaccharides and their peak molecular weight was 211 257 D and 109 441 D respectively, the Weight-A. M. W （Mw） was 330 156 D and 172 900 D,the Number-A.M.W （Mn） was 223 934 D and 79 693 D, and the distribution width （Mw/Mn） was 1.47 435 and 2.16 959 respectively; Homogeneous polysaceharide PI was composed of mannose, glueuronie acid, galaeturonic acid, glucose, galaetose, xylose and arabinose （1.00： 14.94： 7.22：48.45 ： 12.62 ： 6.96 ： 3.23 ） ; Homogeneous polysaeeharide PII was composed of mannose, rham-nose, glueumnie acid, glucose, galactose and arabinose （ 1.00： 2.58 ： 2.22 ： 7.04： 3.11 ： 1.35）. Residues of homogeneous polysaccharides（PⅠ , PⅡ ） were connected by β-glucoside bond. Homogeneous polysae-charides（PⅠ , PⅡ ）which are heteropolysaecharides were first isolated from rhizome of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii .