吉林玉米带黑土胶散复合体组成特征研究

Study on the Composition of Organic-Mineral Complex of Corn Belt Black Soil from Jilin Province

以吉林省玉米带黑土(耕作黑土、防护林带黑土)为研究对象,采用改进的丘林胶散分组法分离复合体。结果表明:耕作黑土和防护林带黑土的胶散复合体的绝对含量均呈现出G1>G0>G2的趋势;与防护林带黑土相比经多年耕作施肥的耕作黑土易形成土壤结构体,但结构体稳定性下降。土壤经长期耕种,并且有机肥施用量较少或多年未施,导致有机质含量下降,G2组复合体分解为G1组复合体。使G1组复合体相对含量增加,G2组复合体相对含量减少。受生物气候带影响无论耕种黑土还是防护林带黑土其胶散复合体在三角坐标图中的分布是特征性的,但受耕作施肥的影响,耕作黑土和防护林带黑土的胶散复合体组成表现出一定的差异性。

The composition of organic-mineral complex of corn belt black soil collected from Jilin province was examined. The organic-mineral complex of soil samples was grouped using colloid grouping method described by Qiulin. Results showed that absolute content of organic-mineral complex of cultivated black soil and shelterbelt black soil both showed a trend of G1 〉 GO 〉 G2; compared with the shelterbelt black soil, black soil structure was easily formed after years of cultivation, but the stability of its structure fell down. Because of a long period of cultivation of the soil and the application of only a small amount of or- ganic fertilizer or none at all, content of organic matter decreased, G2 group of complex decomposed into G1 group complexes. Relative content of G1 group complex increased while relative content of G2 group complex decreased. Bio-climatic zones affected by the cultivation of black regardless of shelter belts, or black plastic bulk of its complex in the triangular plot of the distribution was characteristic, but by the impact of fanning fertilizer, organic-mineral complex of farming black soil and black plastic shelter showed a certain degree of differences.