钢材相似显微组织的分析与鉴别

Analysis and Identification of Similar Microstructure of Steel

在日常钢材的显微组织检验中,由于网状铁素体和网状二次渗碳体、针状铁素体和针状渗碳体、马氏体及其回火产物(回火马氏体、回火屈氏体和回火索氏体)、未溶铁素体和先共析铁素体、淬火屈氏体和回火屈氏体等显微组织的显微特征非常相似,容易出现误判。以常用碳钢为例,运用显微组织观察、显微硬度测试、化学试剂侵蚀等金相检验的普通手段,通过对显微组织形貌中的组织形态、分布、颜色进行直观比较,总结归纳出了上述几种相似显微组织的鉴别方法,以供金相检验人员参考。

In daily microstructure testing,because the mesh ferrite and mesh second cementite,needle ferrite and needle cementite,martensite and their tempered products（tempered martensite,tempered troostite and tempered sorbite）,undissolved ferrite and proeutectoid ferrite,and quenched troostite and tempered troostite are very similar and difficultly identified.With carbon steels as examples,by means of observing microstructure,microhardness testing and chemical reagents erosion,the shape,distribution and color of the similar microstructures were compared.It was summarized identification methods to above several kinds of similar microstructure which are useful for the metallographic workers.