汽车-乘员-护栏耦合碰撞系统模型及安全性仿真(英文)

Automobile-Occupant-Guardrail Coupling Collision System Model and Safety Performance

研究汽车与护栏碰撞过程中车辆的理想运动规律和护栏的防撞机理,以提高护栏的耐撞性能。在LS-DYNA软件平台中,根据样车的结构参数和高速公路护栏安全性能评价标准,建立了"汽车-乘员-护栏"碰撞耦合系统有限元模型。碰撞仿真结果表明,护栏通过变形吸收了62.2%的动能,起到了很好的导向作用。汽车的驶出角为8.2°,可以有效避免二次事故发生。护栏的最大横向变形为750mm,假人头部性能指标HPC为508,假人胸部性能指标THPC为25.2mm,假人腿部性能指标FPC为1.15kN,均小于法规规定的标准值,汽车与护栏碰撞时不会对乘员造成严重伤害。

To improve the collision resistance of guardrail, the ideal motion rule of automobile and collision-proof mechanism of guardrail is studied in process of that automobile collides with guard- rail. In LS-DYNA software platform, based on the structure parameters of automobile and Safety Performance Evaluation Standards of Expressway Guardrail, the finite element model of ＂auto- mobile-occupant-guardrail＂ collision coupling system is established. Collision simulation result shows that, the guardrail absorbs 62.2% kinetic energy by deforming, which plays a favorable role in guiding. The departure angle of automobile is 8.2°, and the secondary accident could be avoided effectively. The maximum transversal deformation of guardrail is 750mm; dummy＇ s head performance index HPC is 508; dummy＇ s chest performance index THPC is 25.2mm;dummy＇s leg performance index FPC is 1.15 kN;all of these performance indexes are smaller than standard value defined in the regulation, so the occupant will not be injured when the auto- mobile collides with the guardrail.