当前青少年抗逆力现状及其培养对策

The Status of Adolescent Resilience and Training Strategy

本研究以中学生抗逆力调查问卷为工具对初、高中生的抗逆力进行了调查,结果显示大部分学生抗逆力处于中等及以上水平,小部分抗逆力水平较低。进一步分析显示,构成抗逆力的内在保护性因子的诸要素中,青少年自尊和自主性、目标和意义感两个维度发展较好,而社会胜任力发展不理想,构成抗逆力外在保护性因子的诸要素中,同伴保护性质量相对较高,家庭、学校、社区保护性质量相对低。针对这种情况,笔者提出在学生、家长、教师中广泛开展抗逆力学习,对抗逆力较弱青少年积极开办抗逆力相关小组,对抗逆力很低的青少年需要重构其个体精神、生活世界。

The research made a survey of resilience of some middle school students and high school students.Results showed that most of students were of middle or high level resilience while small parts of students were of low level.And the further analysis showed that among the internal protective factors self-esteem and autonomy,sense of objective and meaning developed fairy well while social competency developed poorly,and among the external protective factors the quality of protection provided by fellow is relatively high,while the quality of protection provided by family,school and community is relatively low.In response to the situation,author proposed that resilience should be learned widely among students,parents and teachers,kinds of group about resilience should be open to small part of adolescent whose resilience was relative poor,and minds and life should be reconstructed to those whose resilience was very poor.