社区脆弱性评估问题研究：

A Research on Community Vulnerability Assessment

社区脆弱性可定义为社区内建筑物和人群对特定灾害表现出的易于受到伤害和损失的性质。对于社区层面的脆弱性评估,重点是评估受影响建筑物及人群状况。文章认为,现有的基于历史灾情统计分析、建立指标体系进行综合评估,以及基于灾损曲线的方法主要适用于较大的范围内评估社会、经济等宏观层面的脆弱性,对社区应急处置工作的指导力度较弱。文章提出:首先建立事件情景构建方法,在此基础上建立社区脆弱性评估方法,通过在乌鲁木齐市某社区脆弱性评估方面的实际应用对方法的有效性进行了检验,证明其实有效。

Community vulnerability can be defined as the nature that buildings and residents in communities are susceptible to damages and losses by definite disasters. The vulnerability assessment in community mainly focuses on the damaged buildings and affected humans. The comprehensive assessment based on historical statistics analysis and index system of disasters and methods based on the damage curve are suitable for assessing the macroscopic large-scale social and economic vulnerability. They are unsuitable for community emergency management. This paper proposes a community vulnerability assessment based on the method of scenario construction. It is proved valid when it is applied to a community vulnerability assessment in Urumqi.