国家科技项目经费匹配及其恰当运用

Funds Matching of National Science and Technology Projects and Its Proper Uses

通过对我国科技项目经费匹配现状的考察,借鉴美国相关经验教训,指出国家科技项目经费匹配既有积极方面又有消极方面。我国科技项目之所以比较普遍和高额度地采用经费匹配,是因为看到了其多方筹集经费、促进地方政府和承担单位加强管理等积极方面,而忽视了影响公平竞争、削弱地方政府和承担单位自主科研能力、造成科技经费分配的"马太效应"等消极方面。为此,本文提出一系列政策建议,以便恰当地运用经费匹配,促进国家科技事业健康发展。

Based on the investigation of current situation of funds matching of China＇s science and technology projects, and drawing on lessons from the U. S. experience, this paper points out that funds matching of the national science and technology projects has both positive and negative aspects. In China funds matching has been largely used in national science and technology projects because its pos- itive aspects of the multi-party fund-raising, promotion of local governments and institutions to strengthen management are recognized, while its negative aspects of leading to unfair competition, weakening local governments and institutions to independent research capa- bility, and resulting in ＂Matthew effect＂ for the allocation of science and technology funds are ignored. Therefore, this paper puts for- ward a series of policy recommendations for proper use of funds matching to promote the healthy development of national science and technology.