童期长度不同的海棠叶挥发性物质的差异分析

Analysis of Leaf Volatiles from Crabapple(Malus sp.) Individuals of Different Juvenile Lengths

【目的】研究童期长度不同的海棠叶挥发性物质,以确定其特有的香气物质,为海棠早期无损伤育种检测提供新的依据。【方法】采用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱-质谱联用技术(HS-SPME-GC-MS),分别测定8株童期长度不同的早实海棠叶挥发性物质及其相对含量,并对不同植株叶特异挥发性成分进行探讨。【结果】8株海棠的叶挥发性物质共检测出84种成分,含量较高的叶挥发性物质有:2-氟乙酰胺、顺-3-己烯-1-醇、酸二乙酯、顺-3-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯;不同物质的含量在不同植株间差异较大,但所有植株均含有10种相同成分:罗勒烯、癸醛、月桂醇、酸二乙酯、2,6,10-三甲基十五烷、肉豆蔻醇、鲸蜡烷、2,6,10,14-四甲基十五烷、2,6,10,15-四甲基十七烷和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。【结论】早实海棠叶挥发性物质在8个植株间存在差异,但均以酯类和烃类为主,顺-3-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯是含量最大的物质;童期长度不同的早实海棠叶特异的香气物质为5,5-二丁基壬烷、(2Z)-2-戊烯醇乙酸酯和1,3-丁间二烯基环丁烷。

【Objective】The aim of this experiment was to analyze the leaf volatiles of crabapple（Malus sp.） individuals at different juvenile lengths,and obtain their particular leaf volatiles,and provide reference for finding out a new breeding method.【Method】Volatiles of leaves from eight different crabapple individuls were evaluated with the method of head space-solid phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-SPME-GC-MS）.Volatiles profiles of them were then compared.【Result】Eighty-four kinds of volatiles were detected with varied contents found in different individuals.The major leaf volatiles were 2-fluoro-acetamide,（Z）-3-Hexen-1-ol,diethyl phthalate and（Z）-3-hexen-1-ol acetate.Ten identical compositions including 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,7-octatriene,decanal,diethyl phthalate,2,6,10-trimethylpentadecane,2,6,10-1-tetradecanol;2,6,10,14-tetramethyl pentadecane,hexadecane,1-dodecanol;2,6,10,15-tetramethyl heptadecane and Phthalic acid,diisobutyl ester were detected.【Conclusion】Leaf volatiles differ in eight crabapple individuals.But they are all based on esters and hydrocarbons,and the highest content is 3-Hexen-1-ol,acetate.The specific volatiles in the precocious crabapples are（2Z）-2-Penten-1-ol,acetate.（E）-cyclobutane,1,3-butadienyl and 5,5-dibutylnonane.