认知翻译研究

Cognitive Translatology

翻译学借助语言学建构了很多理论,随着21世纪认知语言学(CL)逐步成为主流学派,也对该学科产生了重大影响,形成了一门新的边缘学科"认知翻译研究"。本文简述该学科两大理论来源(认知科学和CL),且重点论述其基本观点与应用:CL核心原则、范畴化、突显原则和原型理论、隐喻转喻、参照点、翻译的构式单位、识解、基于用法模型、数法并用等,有望为从认知角度研究翻译理论注入新的活力。

Inspired by and drawing on linguistics,modern translatology is as theoretically diverse as contemporary linguistics.Just as Cognitive Linguistics has established itself in the 21st century as a mainstream sub-discipline in linguistic studies,so the cognitive approach has gained in influence and importance as a methodology in translation studies,leading to the forming of what is known as Cognitive Translatology.This paper surveys Cognitive Translatology by doing two things.First,we identify its two theoretical sources(Cognitive Science and CL).And we then go on to expound its fundamental categories,basic assumptions and key methodological principles,including:the Kernel Principle of CL;categorization;Prominence Principle and Prototype Theory;metaphor and metonymy;reference point;translation unit of construction;construal;usage-based model;combined methods,etc..The survey is meant to better inform translation scholars about the cognitive approach and to promote further development of Cognitive Translatology.