原生生物质体(叶绿体)的多样性及其形成原因

Diversity of protist plastids (chloroplasts) and its causation analyses

真核生物的叶绿体一般具有一定的典型的结构和功能。然而,在单细胞的原生生物中却不断发现结构与功能均与典型叶绿体明显不同的质体(叶绿体),如不具核形体的多层膜质体、具核形体的多层膜质体、具有最小基因组的质体等,表现出质体的丰富多样性。本文概要地介绍了单细胞原生生物中这些非典型的质体,并对形成这种多样性的主要原因,即这些生物的质体在进化过程中发生的一次、二次和三次内共生事件进行了分析探讨。

Eukaryotic chloroplasts normally possess typical structure and function. However, the plastids （chloroplasts） of unicellular protists have various atypical structures and functions, such as multi-membrane-bound plastids without nucelomorph, multi-membranebound plastids with nucleomorph and plastids with the smallest genome, which revealing the rich diversity of plastids. Now we review the diversity of plastids in diverse protists, and explore the underlying reasons driving the diversities, the primary, secondary and tertiary endosymbiosis of plastids.