基于技术创新的循环经济投入产出分析——以钢铁行业为例

Input-output Analysis of Circular Economy Based on Technological Innovation:A Case Study of Iron and Steel Industry

在循环经济绩效评价中,基于生态视角的物质流分析和区域比较是主流,经济学框架下的学理分析和实证研究并不多见。资本、劳动、技术和制度是推动经济发展的基本要素,技术创新则是循环型社会实现的主要手段。本文立足于技术创新与循环经济关系的经济学讨论,以中国钢铁行业为例,通过对1989—2009年数据的二次DEA分析,考察技术要素对循环经济的投入产出效率。研究发现,科技投入的不断增加的确可以在一定程度上提高循环经济发展水平,但由于制度环境的约束和技术投入产出的时滞,循环经济效率曲线呈现反复性。1989年以来中国钢铁行业循环经济绩效经历了高开低走再上升的过程主要源于循环经济推广初期较高的边际反应,2000年以后中国循环经济的技术投入效率出现了明显上升的趋势与国家整体的经济体制改革有关。

Material flow analysis based on ecological perspective and regional comparison is the mainstream among circular econo- my performance evaluation, whereas theoretical analysis and empirical studies are rather few within economical framework. Capital, labor, technology and institution are the basic elements to promote economic development, yet technology innovation is a main means to achieve a recycling-oriented society. Therefore, this article is arguing with economic relationship between technol- ogy innovation and circular economy, and investigates the input-output efficiency of technology to circular economy by twice DEA analysis with relevant data of Chinese iron and steel industry from 1989 to 2009. The study found that increasing investment in sci- ence and technology can indeed improve circular economy to some extent, but due to the constraints of institutional environment and the delay of technology input effect, circular economy efficiency exists repeated. The circulating efficiency of Chinese iron and steel industry since 1989 has gone through the process of starting high and declining and rising again, which is because higher marginal response to circular economy initial promotion, otherwise, the clear upward trend of technology input efficiency in China after 2000 was related to the overall national economic reform.