鸡爪槭等8种植物提取物对萝卜蚜的毒杀作用

Insecticidal Activities of Extract from Acer palmatum Thunb and Other Seven Plants against Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach

[目的]从植物中筛选对萝卜蚜有生物活性的物质。[方法]用冷浸提取法,以萝卜蚜为供试昆虫,采用浸叶法测定了8种植物乙醇提取物的杀虫活性,并对鸡爪槭等3种植物提取物进行了毒力测定。[结果]在质量浓度为500 mg/L时,鸡爪槭乙醇提取物24、48 h校正死亡率分别为62.34%和81.61%;陆英和棕榈48 h校正死亡率分别为78.88%和83.65%。鸡爪槭、棕榈和陆英48 h对萝卜蚜的致死中浓度(LC50值)分别为26.08、147.96、159.53 mg/L。相对毒力顺序为鸡爪槭>棕榈>陆英。[结论]鸡爪槭叶具有潜在的杀虫活性。

[Aims] Screening bioactivity compounds against radish aphid（Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach）from plants. [Methods] Active compounds from 8 plants were extracted with ethanol using infusion extraction method, and insecticidal activities assayed against L. erysimi by leaf dip bioassay method. Toxicity of A. palmatum leaves and other 2 plants leaves on this insect pest were determined. [Results] At the mass extraction concentration of 500 mg/L, A. palmatum had best insecticidal activity, the corrected mortality rates were 62.34 and 81.61% respectively in 24 and 48 h after treatment. The corrected mortality rates of Sambucus chinensis and Trachycarpus fortunei were 78.88 and 83.65% in 48 h after treatment. The LCs0 ofA. palmatum, T. fortunei and S. chinensis were 26.08, 147.96 and 159.53 mg/L respectively after 48 h treatment. Relative toxicites of the 3 plant extracts were A. palmatum〉T, fortunei〉S, chinensis. [Conclusions] It has potential insecticidal activity property ofA. palmatum Thunb leaves.