谷氨酰-脯氨酰-tRNA合成酶的非经典功能--炎症相关基因特异性的翻译沉默

Noncanonical function of glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase——inflammatory gene-specific translational silencing

氨基酰-tRNA合成酶(aaRS)催化氨基酰化反应,为生物体内的蛋白质合成提供原料。哺乳动物细胞质中一种双功能aaRS谷氨酰-脯氨酰-tRNA合成酶(EPRS)通常负责将谷氨酸和脯氨酸分别接载到对应的tRNA的3'末端参与蛋白质翻译;此外,它还具有与氨基酰化经典功能无关的单核/巨噬细胞特异性炎症相关基因翻译沉默的非经典功能。在过去的十五年间,对于EPRS参与炎症反应相关基因表达调控的功能研究取得了一系列重要进展,揭示了看家基因EPRS与人类疾病发生和发展的潜在联系。

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases（aaRSs） catalyze aminoacylation of their cognate tRNAs for protein biosynthesis.Mammalian cytosolic dual-functional enzyme glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase（EPRS） is generally responsible for charging the amino acids Glu and Pro to the 3’-end of their cognate tRNAs for initiation of protein translation;the enzyme EPRS also possesses noncanonical function as monocyte/macrophage-specific translational silencing of inflammatory gene expression beyond the canonical aminoacylation function.During the past 15 years,important progresses have been made on functional research about EPRS-directed regulation of inflammatory gene expression,revealing potential relation between the ＂house-keeping＂ enzyme EPRS and the development of human diseases.