GIS和Voronoi图在哈尔滨城市公园绿地布局中的应用

Application of GIS Map and Voronoi Graph to Layout of Park Green Space in Harbin

将哈尔滨市2009年GIS图和实地调研相结合,运用距离衰减和Voronoi图分析方法估计了哈尔滨城市公园绿地的服务总人数、面积及单位面积服务的人数,并对哈尔滨城市公园绿地布局进行了分析评价。结果表明:湿地公园、丁香公园、体育公园每公顷服务人数均小于300人,公园绿地发展良好;开发区景观广场、乐松广场、长青公园、建国公园、清滨公园、太平公园,尚志公园每公顷面积服务人数均已超过40 000人,无法满足周围游人的需要。根据研究结果提出了3点建议:局部地段建立新的公园绿地;加强对公园基础服务设施的建设和养护资金的投入;在郊区建立新的公园。

Distance decay and Voronoi graph were applied to assess population size, area and number of people per unit area that green space serves in Harbin based on GIS map and field research. And the distribution of public parks in Harbin was evalua- ted. Result shows that the Wetland Park, Lilac Park, Sports Park serve less than 300 people per hectare, and they develop well. Landscape Square, Lesong Square, Changqing Park, Jianguo Park, Qingbin Park, Taiping Park, and Shangzhi Park serve more than 40 000 people per hectare. Those parks cannot meet the needs of inhabitants. Three recommendations are put forward： to establish new public parks in some places in Harbin, increase investment in construction and maintenance of infrastructure in public parks, and to establish new public parks in the suburbs.