低频矢量水听器目标绝对方位估计海上试验研究

Study on absolute direction estimation sea trial with low frequency vector hydrophone

矢量水听器技术目前已被广泛应用于目标到达方位估计领域。因其具有与频率无关的指向性特点,即使利用单个矢量水听器也可以测定低至几十赫兹的低频目标方位,而标量水听器在低频的到达方位估计则需要巨大孔径的阵列才能完成上述测量功能。针对矢量水听器这一优点,对低频(100～300 Hz)声信号的方位估计性能进行了海上试验研究,并结合罗经同步测得的平台方位数据,给出了目标在大地坐标系下的绝对方位。海上试验结果表明:矢量水听器低频方位估计结果与GPS测量结果一致,在3.6km距离范围内,到达方位估计标准差不超过5°。

The vector hydrophone technique is widely used in the direction of arrival （DOA） estimation field. Because its directivity is independent of frequency, even a single vector hydrophone can measure the DOA of target of interest in very low frequency band till tens of Hz. The scalar hydrophone needs to form a large aperture to fulfill the same ability at this frequency band. Due to this advantage, a sea trial study on DOA in such low frequency （100-300 Hz）band is conducted. Combined with the synchronized compass data,the absolute direction of the target in geodetic coordinate system is given. The sea trial results indicate that the performance of DOA based on vector hydrophone in low frequency is consistent with the GPS result. Within the radius of 3.6km, the standard deviation of DOA estimation is less than 5°.