小儿急性肺出血32例临床分析

Clinical analysis on 32 children with acute pulmonary hemorrhage

目的:探讨小儿急性肺出血的病因、临床特点及治疗方法。方法:采用回顾性调查方法,对2009年3月～2011年11月住院的32例急性肺出血患儿的临床资料进行总结及分析。结果:小儿急性肺出血的病因呈多样性,感染、异物吸入及各个系统的原发疾病均可能引起小儿急性肺出血,其中感染性疾病引起的肺出血16例(50%),占首位。经机械通气及综合治疗后,24例治愈,6例死于继发性呼吸衰竭致多器官功能衰竭,2例因延髓不可逆损伤家属放弃治疗。结论:小儿肺出血有多种病因,感染占第一位,早期合理的机械通气和正确的综合治疗是提高抢救成功率的关键。

Objective： To explore the causes, clinical characteristics, and treatment of pediatric acute pulmonary hemorrhage. Methods： Retrospective survey method was used to summarize and analyze the clinical data of 32 children with acute pulmonary hemorrhage who were treated in the hospital from March 2009 to November 2011. Results ： The causes of pediatric acute pulmonary hemorrhage had diversity. Infection, aspiration of foreign bodies, primary diseases of every system could induce pediatric acute pulmonary hemorrhage, 16 children （50%） with acute pulmonary hemorrhage were induced by infectious diseases, occupying the first place. After mechanical ventilation and comprehensive treatment, 24 children were cured, 6 children died of multiple organ failure induced by secondary respiratory failure, 2 children gave up treatment because of medullary irreversible injury. Conclusion： Pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage has many causes, infection accounts for the first one. Early and reasonable mechanical ventilation and correct comprehensive treatment are the key points to improve the success rate of rescue.