乳腺癌PICC化疗患者自我管理行为调查分析

Investigation and analysis on self-management behavior of breast cancer patients treated with PICC chemotherapy

目的:调查乳腺癌PICC化疗患者的自我管理行为。方法:参考慢性病自我管理研究测量表中的自我管理行为量表,结合乳腺癌PICC化疗患者自我管理特点,制定乳腺癌PICC化疗患者自我管理研究测量表,对90例乳腺癌PICC化疗患者进行调查。结果:乳腺癌PICC化疗患者的自我管理行为中运动锻炼时间为(208.33±20.451)min/周,认知性症状管理实践得分为(13.19±4.615)分,与医护人员沟通得分为(6.28±1.551)分,自我监测得分为(13.53±4.618)分,适时适量活动得分为(11.72±3.875)分,依从性得分为(8.07±0.897)分,预防静脉炎得分为(9.80±2.084)分,预防导管堵塞得分为(10.26±1.526)分,预防导管感染得分为(15.07±2.010)分,预防导管脱出得分为(22.18±2.713)分,应急处理得分为(5.06±1.221)分。带管时间为1～3个月组患者体能锻炼、认知性症状实践得分、适时适量活动、预防导管堵塞、预防导管相关性感染、预防导管脱出评分高于带管时间<1个月、>3个月组的患者(P<0.05),而带管时间<1个月组患者与医护人员沟通得分高于带管时间1～3个月组、>3个月组患者(P<0.05),带管时间>3个月组的患者应急处理得分高于带管时间<1个月、1～3个月组患者(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌PICC化疗患者的自我管理行为需要改善,不同带管时间的患者自我管理行为中各有弱势项目,护理人员应对患者进行长期的自我管理健康教育,以有助于患者建立良好的自我管理行为。

Objective ： To survey self - management behavior of breast cancer patients treated with PICC chemotherapy. Methods ： Self - management scale for breast cancer patients treated with PICC chemotherapy was designed by referencing self - management behavior scale in self - management scale of chronic diseases combined with characteristics of self - management of breast cancer patients, 90 breast cancer patients treated with PICC chemotherapy were surveyed. Results ： In the self - management behavior of breast cancer patients receiving PICC chemotherapy, the exercise time was （208.33 ± 20. 451 ） minutes per week, the scores of cognitive symptom management practice and communication with medical staff were （ 13.19 ±4. 615） and （6.28 ± 1. 551 ） , respectively; the self - monitoring score was （ 13.53 ± 4. 618）, the scores of timely and appropriate activities, compliance, phlebitis prevention, catheter blockage prevention, catheter infection prevention, catheter prolapse prevention, and emergency treatment were （ 11.72 ± 3. 875）, （8.07 ± 0. 897） , （9. 80 ± 2. 084）, （ 10. 26 ± 1. 526）, （ 15.07 ＋_2. 010）, （22. l8 ± 2. 713 ） , and （ 5.06 ± 1. 221 ） , respectively. The exercise time, the scores of cognitive symptom management practice, timely and appropriate activities, catheter blockage prevention, catheter infection prevention, catheter prolapse prevention in the patients with catheter for 1 - 3 months were significantly higher than those with catheter less than one month and more than three months （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the score of communication with medical staff in the patients with catheter less than one month was significantly higher than those with catheter for 1 - 3 months and more than three months （ P 〈 0. 05） ; the score of emergency treatment in the patients with catheter more than three months was significantly higher than those with catheter less than one month and for 1 - 3 months （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . Conclusion ： Self - management behavior of breast cancer patients receiving PICC chemotherapy needs improvement, the patients with catheter for different times have different weak items, nurses should conduct long - term self - management health education for the patients, which can help the patients to establish good self - management behavior.