一种能量消耗平衡的线性无线传感器网络调度策略分析

Analysis of a scheduling strategy with energy balance for linear wireless sensor networks

考虑应用在公路、桥梁、隧道和地铁等场合的线性无线传感器网络,其线性和多跳传输特征造成能量不平衡消耗,靠近基站的节点需要转发大量数据,因此自身能量很快耗尽导致网络监控失效.以线性网络、均匀部署为研究内容,采用适当的调度策略平衡能量消耗,从而解决能量消耗不平衡问题.将节点转发信息的能量消耗和能量平衡作为约束条件,采用非线性规划方法建立一种线性传感器网络调度策略,通过调整节点到下一跳的距离和转发的数据量来平衡能量消耗,延长网络寿命.对影响网络寿命和节点效率的因素给出了详细分析,对节点之间不同传输距离的能量消耗给予了详细讨论,并进行了仿真.仿真结果表明,通过优化节点间通信距离和流量能够平衡能量消耗,延长网络寿命.

Considering the linear wireless sensor network application scenarios, such as road, bridge, tunnel and metro where linear networks and multi-hop traffic patterns make the energy consumption unbalanced. The nodes near the base station are required to forward the large amount of traffic for other nodes, which exhausts their energy and results in the failure of network monitoring. In order to solve this problem, a linear wireless sensor network and uniform deployment strategy were considered and an optimal scheduling strategy based on nonlinear programming was presented. The constraint is formed by the energy model and the requirement of balanced energy consumption. The network lifetime could be extended by adjusting the proportion of traffic and the distance to the next hop. The factors affecting energy efficiency were analyzed and simulation was presented. Simulation results show that energy balance can be achieved by adjusting the communication distance and traffic and network lifetime can be extended.