负荷运动对大学生运动生理功能影响

Effect of maximal oxygen consumption and physical work capacity and fitness index of load sports among young college students

目的探讨负荷运动对男、女大学生最大摄氧量(Vo2 max)、身体工作能力(PWC170)和心功能适应指数的效应,为进一步指导大学生体育锻炼提供参考。方法随机抽取右江民族医学院一年级180名男生和218名女生。采用二级阶梯负荷法测定其心率变化,计算Vo2 max、PWC170和心功能适应指数值。结果男生Vo2 max为(44.52±3.76)mL/(min.kg),女生为(42.74±3.47)mL/(min.kg);男、女生PWC170分别为(974.78±184.07)和(948.57±187.84)kg.m/min;心功能适应指数男生为(84.24±15.16),女生为(82.38±15.92)。在等级分组发现,Vo2 max增高,PWC170和心功能适应指数也随之升高,Vo2 max下降,PWC170和心功能适应指数也随之降低,男、女生优组与差组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论男生与女生的PWC170和心功能适应指数的变化与Vo2 max变化有显著相关,提示加强在校大学生体育训练,可增强体能。

Objective To investigate the effect of maximal oxygen consumption （ Vo2 max ）, the physical work capacity （ PWC170） and fitness index of cardiac function, and to analyze the change of Vo2max and related factors of load sports among young college students. Methods Through measuring the change of heart rate of the 180 male and 218 woman college students, two steps exercise testing method was used to calculate the value of Vo2max and PWC170 and fitness index of cardiac function according to formulas. Results The mean Vo2max of the 180 male college students was （ 44.5 ± 3.76 ） mL/（ min ± kg ）, and 218 woman college students was （42.74 ± 3.47 ） mL/（ min · kg ）. The mean PWC170 of the male was （ 974.78± 184.07 ）and the woman was （948.57 ± 187.84 ） kg - m/rain. The mean fitness index of cardiac function was 84.24 ± 15.16 and the woman was 82.38 ± 15.92. Based on different groups of the Vo2max the PWC170 and fitness index of cardiac function were found rising with the increasing of the Vo2max The PWC170 and fitness index of cardiac function dropped with the descend of the Vo2max . Moreover, the subjects were divided into two groups by Vo2 max in male and woman students, the PWC170 and fitness index of cardiac function were compared between the two groups, both of them had significant difference （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The PWC170 and fitness index of cardiac function of male and female college students are closely related to the Vo2 max.