安徽省留守青少年生活满意度自评结果分析

Self-rating results of on the mental health among left-behind adolescent in Anhui province

目的描述安徽省不同类型留守青少年生活满意度的差异,为促进留守青少年身心健康发展提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取皖南、皖北城乡普通中学7所,获得样本3 421名,其中留守青少年682名。应用中文版多维学生生活满意度量表(MSLSS-CV)对研究对象的一般情况和生活满意度进行测评。结果 10～17岁青少年的留守率为19.94%;留守青少年对生活的满意度低于非留守青少年,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。留守女生对自己的满意度低于男生(P<0.05);留守高中生对朋友、学校、生活环境和自己的满意度均低于初中生(P值均<0.01);农村留守中学生对朋友、学校、生活环境和自己的满意度均低于城镇(P值均<0.01);非独生子女留守中学生对朋友、学校、生活环境和自己的满意度均低于独生子女(P值均<0.01);父母外出类型不同的留守青少年对生活的满意度差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论安徽省留守青少年对生活的满意度低于非留守青少年,留守青少年中的女生、高年级学生、非独生子女以及家庭所在地为农村的留守青少年生活满意度相对较低。

Objective By exploring the life satisfaction of the unattended adolescents in Anhui province, this study aimed at investigating the status of life satisfaction and related mental health improvement of this population. Methods By using stratified cluster sampling method, investiga- tion was conducted among 3 421 subjects, in which 682 were unattended adolescents, from 7 middle schools in both south and north Anhui province MSLSS - CV was used to assess the general condition and status of life satisfaction in the adolescents. Results In the population aged 10 to 18 in Anhui province, 19.94% of them were unattended adolescents and were found with low life satisfaction, which showed statistical difference（ P 〈 0.01 ）. As for the life satisfaction status of unattended adolescents in different types were concerned, the girls appeared poorly than boys in view of life satisfaction （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The students of junior class were most content with their life, and the satisfaction declined with schooling years. The subjects in township felt more satisfied with their life than those from rural areas. One-child looked to live more enjoyable life than their counterparts （ P 〈 0.05 ） , yet, the findings showed no statistical difference in the two models of rear family backgrounds. Still, the number and frequency of the parents＂ migrating to work produced less effect on the children. Conclusion Generally, the life satisfaction status of unattended adolescents in Anhui province appears lower than their counterparts, and relatively worse psychological status is seen in girls, high school students, children with siblings and sub- jects living in rural areas.