儒学与汉代社会性别制度的理论建构——以“女祸史观”下末喜、妲己和褒姒的史事撰述为中心

Confucianism and Theoretical Construction of Han Dynasty′s Gender System——A Case Study of Historical Writing of Meixi,Daji and Baosi under Historical Conception on Female Misfortune

在传统上,一直认为是末喜、妲己和褒姒导致了夏商周三代的灭亡,"女祸论"或"女祸史观"即由此产生,然而她们的历史形象以及她们被当成三代灭亡的原因,是先秦秦汉时期社会不断进行历史建构的结果。对末喜、妲己和褒姒祸国的史事建构,实质是政治和历史观上的"厌女症",通过这种社会性别的理论建构,而欲建立起父权制的社会性别制度。由于先秦秦汉在中国文化中的源头地位,"女祸论"成为中国传统性别制度和文化中的重要表征。

Traditionally, it was always thought that Meixi, Daji and Baosi caused the destruction of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, resulting in historical conception on Female Misfortune. But their historical images and that taking them as the reason of three dynasties＇ destruction resulted from constantly historical construc- tion in Pre-qin, Qin and Han Dynasties. The essence of historical construction of Meixi, Daji and Baosi＇s his- torical writing is that misogyny in the political and historical conception, by which the gender system with pa- triarchy has been established. Female Misfortune View became an important characteristic of Chinese tradition- al gender system and culture since Pre-qin, Qin to Han Dynasty is the source of Chinese culture.