中山市常绿针叶林与阔叶林群落结构健康研究

Health Evaluation of Evergreen Coniferous Forest and Broad-leaved Forest Community Structure in Zhongshan City

以植物群系为评价单元,通过相关性检验和主成分分析,从森林生物多样性与群落结构数量特征的众多因子中提取出最重要的健康评价指标,利用层次分析法(AHP法)对中山市常绿针叶林与阔叶林群落结构健康进行综合评价。结果表明:建群种更新苗数、乔木种类、灌木层密度和草本层盖度是影响中山市常绿针叶林群落结构健康最主要的4个因子;5种常绿针叶林群系结构健康得分排序为:湿地松-马尾松林>杉木林>马尾松林>岗松-湿地松林>湿地松林。建群种更新苗数、草本层盖度和乔木株数是影响中山市常绿阔叶林群落结构健康最大的3个因子;8种常绿阔叶林群系结构健康得分排序为:粘木-凹叶红豆林>华鼠刺-粘木-凹叶红豆林>乌榄-樟树林>白颜树-红车林>降真香-白颜树林>荷木-台湾相思林>台湾相思林>银柴-小盘木-红车林。

Based on the evaluation unit of plant formation, correlation test and principal component anal- ysis were used to find out the most important indexes to forest community structure from mass of biodiver- sity factors and structure quantitative characters. The health of evergreen coniferous forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest community structure in Changsha city was evaluated by AHP method. The results showed that update constructive species seedlings, tree species, shrub density and grass coverage were the most important factors affecting evergreen coniferous forest structure health. The order of the five for- mations of evergreen coniferous forest was Pinus elliottii-Pinus massoniana 〉 Cunninghamia lanceolata 〉 P. massoniana 〉 Baeckea frutescens- P. elliottii 〉 P. elliottii. For evergreen broad-leaved forest, there were three most important factors affecting structure health, including update constructive species seedlings, grass coverage and tree number. The order of the eight formations of evergreen broad-leaved forest was Ixonanthes Chinensis-Ormosia emarginata 〉 Itea chinensis-l. Chinensis-O. emarginata 〉 Ca- narium pimela- Cinnamomum camphora 〉 Gironniera subaequalis-Syzygium rehderianum 〉 Acronychia pedunculata-G, subaequalis 〉 Schima superba-Acacia confusa 〉 A. confusa 〉 Aporosa chinensis- Mi-crodesmis caseariifolia-S, rehderianum.