珲春口岸鼠类种群消长及体外寄生虫调查分析

Survey and analysis of rats' population seasonal change and ectoparasites of rats at Hunchun Port

目的调查掌握珲春口岸鼠类种群构成、季节消长规律及体外寄生虫种类,防止鼠类传播传染病在珲春口岸传入、传出,加强检验检疫措施提供科学依据。方法于2009年5月-2010年4月采用夹夜法对珲春口岸辖区四个出入境口岸区域的鼠情及体外寄生虫进行调查。结果经过一年的调查,共捕获鼠类326只,经签定分类为1目2科4属4种。其中以褐家鼠为优势种,占捕鼠总数的52.45%;其次为黑线姬鼠,占41.72%;10月份密度最高,为3.50%;2月份最低,为1.50%,年平均密度为2.26%;体外寄生虫检出蚤、革螨两类,蚤分类鉴定为3科4属4种,总指数为12.88%;革螨分类鉴定为2科3属5种,总指数为109.44%。结论本次调查显示,珲春口岸的鼠类密度已超过国家规定标准[1]要求,为下步采取控制措施提供了依据。

Objective Investigation on species composition, seasonal change rules of the rats＂ population at Hun- chun Port and the ectoparasites types they carried, so as to prevent the spread of infectious diseases at Hunehun port, and provide the scientific basis for strengthening the inspection and quarantine measures. Methods From May 2009 to April 2010, rats and eetoparasites are investigated with the method of snap traps on four entry - exit area of Hunchun Port. Results A total of 326 rats were caught, which belong to 1 order, 2 families, 4 genera and 4 species. Rattus norvegicus was the dominate species, accounting for 52.45%, followed by Apodemus agrarius, 41.72%. The highest density was in October, accounting for 3.5%. The lowest density was in February; account- ing for 1.5%, and yearg average density was 2.26%. Fleas and mites were found on rats. Fleas and mites were found on rats. The captured fleas belonged to 3 families, 4 genera and 4 species, with a total index of 12.88%. And the captured Mites belonged to 2 families, 3 genera and 5 species, with a total index of 109. 44%. Conclusion The investigation shows rats density of Hunchun Port has exceeded the standard prescribed by the country, and provides the basis for control measures of the next step.