角色扮演法在慢性精神分裂症患者社交训练中的应用

Application of role playing method in social training of patients with chronic schizophrenia

目的:探讨角色扮演法对改善慢性精神分裂症患者的不良认知和情绪,提高社交和社会适应能力的作用。方法:慢性精神分裂症患者80名随机分为扮演组和对照组各40例。扮演组分别在人际交往技术、解决问题技术、医患关系处理技术、扮演残疾人生活、家庭雕塑等5个主题活动中,通过角色扮演、角色互换、录像、交流等方法进行10周的角色扮演训练。用SCL-90、SST和SSPI 3种量表,分别于训练前后对每个患者各评定1次。结果:训练10周后,扮演组SST和SSPI评分均较训练前及对照组显著提高(P<0.01);SCL-90评分仅抑郁症状因子分明显低于训练前及对照组(P<0.05);治疗作用于第4周起效,效果随时间继续提升。对照组治疗前后比较差异无统计学意义。结论:角色扮演法在提高住院慢性精神分裂症患者的社交和社会适应能力方面的效果显著,值得推广。

Objective：To explore the effect of role playing method in improving bad cognition and mood, and en- hancing social contact and social adaptation ability in chronic schizophrenia. Methods：80 matching patients were ran- domly divided into the role playing group and control group （n=40 each）. Role playing group accepted role playing training in five themes of interpersonal communication technology, problem solving technology, doctor-patient rela- tionship processing technology, playing the role of disabled, family sculptures, through the role playing, role ex- change, video, communication and other methods for 10 weeks. The SCL-90, SST and SSPI scales were used to as- sess the patients before and after the treatment. Results： At the end of the treatment, life skills, social function, depression symptoms and other respects in role playing group were improved more significantly than in control group. The role playing method exerted its effect in the first four weeks, and the effectiveness was continuously improved with time over. Conclusion：Role playing method is significantly effective in improving social and social adap- tation ability of inpatients with chronic schizophrenia.