学生自主学习的概念及其培养

The Concept and Nurture of Student Self-regulated Learning

教育目标不仅要使学生获取知识,更要使他们学会学习。近年,各地较多强调通过不同科目或学习领域的学习与教学,可以培养学生的共通能力。这些能力都是培养学生自主学习的重要条件。本文对自主学习的定义和概念作出一些分析,对有关研究和教与学作出一些简介。文中提及学生自主学习定义包含三个特点:他们采用自主的学习策略、他们面对自我学习成效回馈的积极响应、以及他们互动地推动学习过程。自主的学生选择和采用自主学习策略,在反思学习成效与技巧的基础上,争取理想的学术成果。笔者最后提出建议:(1)如何应用学习动机、课室管理、教师教学和教师期待以探讨自主学习在课堂教学过程中的实践;(2)如何以自主学习这个概念贯彻于各科或各学习领域的课程设计的各个课程要素中。笔者期望,研究自主学习能有助学生学习。

Our educational goals are not only to enable students to acquire knowledge, but also to develop them learn how to learn. In recent years, there is more emphasis on the cultivation of students＇genetic skills throughout teaching and learning of dif- ferent subjects or learning areas. These generic skills are actually the main component of the development of self - regulated learning. This paper is an analysis of the definition and concept of students＇ self- regulated learning, and it is also a summary of the related research and teaching as well as learning that is concerned. The definition of self - regulated learning includes three characteristics in the paper： the strategies of self - regulated learning that students used, student＇ s positive response to the effec- tiveness and feedback from self- regulated learning, and the learning process being advanced in students＇ interaction. Students, based on their reflection on learning skills and effectiveness, try to achieve ideal academic results, with their own choices on learning and self learning strategies adopted. At last, the authors have suggested ： （ 1 ） How to apply motivation, classroom man- agement, teaching, and teachers＇ expectation in the implementation of self - regulated learning in classrooms ; （ 2 ） How to imple- ment self - regulated learning in different subjects and learning areas throughout the essential elements of the curriculum. The au- thors expect that research on self - regulated learning can really help students learn.