土地储备融资担保制度质疑

Query the Land Reserve Financial Security System

土地储备融资交易存在巨大的制度风险。现行法上虽然将土地储备机构界定为"隶属于国土资源管理部门"的"事业单位",但其性质和地位仍然模糊不清。土地储备机构对储备土地代表国土资源管理部门行使国家土地所有权,不能以储备土地担保融资。如将土地储备机构对储备土地的权利界定为建设用地使用权,但土地储备机构对该建设用地使用权没有处分权,土地储备机构也不能以储备土地担保融资。同时,以土地收益权质押融资也无法在《物权法》之下找到其体系位置,亦应为法所不许。

There exits the enormous risks of the system in the land reserve financial transactions. The land reserve organization is stipulated as a kind of institutions which attach to the land and resources ad- ministrative department. However, its characteristics and legal status are still unclear. The land reserve organization exercises the state land ownership upon the reserved land on behalf of the land and resources administrative department, and cannot mortgage the reserved land. If the right of the land reserve organi- zation to the reserved land is defined as the constructional land right, the land reserve organization cannot mortgage the reserved land either, because the land reserve organization has no right to dispose the con- structional land right. The pledge over the right to the land proceeds cannot be found its system position in Property Law, and shall not be allowed by the law.