西瓜2对目标质量性状纯合技术研究

Homozygous Technology for Two Pairs of Target Quality Traits of Watermelon

为进行西瓜2对目标质量性状的快速提纯,缩短育种年限,以66份西瓜F3代为材料,运用作物杂交育种遗传基本理论,科学设计西瓜2对目标质量性状田间种植份数及其群体,建立一套选育技术规程,研究其纯合技术。试验结果显示,按照8/9×1/2n-1和15/16×1/2n-1确定2对显性目标质量性状F3代种植份数和每份F3代材料种植群体,按照2/3×1/2n-1和3/4×1/2n-1确定1对显性目标和1对隐性目标质量性状种植份数、群体大小,均能在当代选出纯合系,可以把自交系选育代数缩减2~3代。

In order to purify two pairs of target quality traits in watermelon efficiently and shorten the breeding cycle, we scientifically designed the planting number of F3 generations and the group population of each F3 generation, and we established a set of breeding technical regulations to study the homozygous technology, by taking 66 watermelons of F3 generation as materials and using the genetic basic theory of crop cross breeding. The results showed that, we could screen out the pure lines at the first selection, when we determined the planting number of F3 generations and the planting population of each F3 generation of the two pairs of dominant target quality traits according to the formula 8/9xl/2n-1 and 15/16x1/2^n-1, and determined those of a pair of dominant and a pair of recessive target quality trait according to the formula 2/3xl/2n-1 and 3/4x1/2^n-1 respectively, and the breeding time of pure lines could decrease by 2-3 generations.