阳春市2006-2011年疑似预防接种异常反应监测数据分析

Analysis of surveillance data for adverse events following immunization during year 2006-2011 in Yangchun

目的分析阳春市2006-2011年疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)发生情况。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对阳春市2006-2011年AEFI监测资料进行分析。结果 2006-2011年阳春市分别报告AEFI 5、8、5、35、70、102例,共225例。其中一般反应112例,异常反应97例,偶合症16例,无其他类型AEFI病例及死亡病例报告。各种疫苗总AEFI报告发生率为4.58/10万,其中23价肺炎多糖疫苗和无细胞百白破疫苗的AEFI报告发生率较高,分别为36.25/10万和26.89/10万。全市有15个镇(街道)有病例报告,5～10月发生的病例数较多,为154例,占68.44%。男女比例为2.04∶1。病例中0～1和1～2岁组病例数较多,为141例,占62.67%。临床症状以过敏性皮疹为主,为72例,占32.00%。反应发生时间在0～1 d的185例,占82.22%。结论阳春市2006-2011年AEFI发生率在全国试点估算报告范围内,必须进一步规范预防接种工作,提高预防接种质量,加强AEFI监测,从而减少预防接种后不良事件的发生以及提高AEFI监测敏感性。

Objective To analyze the occurrence of adverse events following immunization （ AEFI ） from year 2006 to 2011 in Yangchun. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze surveillance data of AEFI from year 2006 to 20ll in Yangchun. Result In these years, 5, 8, 5, 35, 70, and 102 cases of AEFI were reported, annual- ly, totally 225 cases. 112 cases occurred a general reaction, 97 cases had an adverse reaction, and 16 cases with incidental symptoms. No other types of AEFI and death cases were reported. Total vaccine AEFI incidence was 4.58/100 000 ; AEFI incidences reported for 23-valent Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and Acellular DPT vaccine were higher, reached to 36.25/100 000 and 26.89/100 000, respectively. There had the reported cases in 15 towns or streets in the city, and a higher number of cases occured from May to October （154 cases） accounting for 68.44% , the sex ratio of male to female is 2.04： 1. There were a higher number of cases （ 141 cases） in the aged 0-1 year and 1 -2 years patient groups, ac- counting for 62.67%. For clinical symptoms, allergic skin rashes （72 cases） were dominate, accounting for 32.00%. 185 cases occurred at reaction time of 0 - 1 day, accounting for 82.22%. Conclusion During year 2006 - 2011 AEFI inci- dence in Yangchun was within the reported range under the national pilot estimation. There is a need to standardize immu- nization work, improve the quality of vaccination and strengthen AEFI surveillance, so as to reduce the occurrence of ad- verse events after vaccination and improve AEFI surveillance sensitivity.