2010年青海省人间布鲁杆菌病监测结果分析

Surveillance results analysis of human brucellosis in Qinghai province in 2010

目的分析青海省人间布鲁杆菌病（简称布病）疫情态势，为布病防治提供理论依据。方法2010年，选择青海省平安县、海晏县、天峻县、达日县、河南县5个县作为监测县，每个县选择3—4个乡作为监测点，监测7～60岁与牲畜接触密切的人群，采用虎红平板凝集试验（RBPT）和试管凝集试验（SAT）进行血清学检测。布病诊断依据《布鲁氏菌病诊断标准》（WS269—2007）。结果5个县共监测2021人，检出RBPT阳性76人，平均阳性率为3．76％（76／2021）；检出SAT阳性15人，平均阳性率为0．74％（15／2021）；确定感染人数15人，平均感染率为0．74％（15／2021）；发现新发病例3人。布病发病有明显的季节性，发病高峰为2—6月，与牲畜屠宰和皮毛加工有关。结论传染源没有彻底清除，从业人员自我防护意识淡薄等是疫情上升的主要原因。应加强检疫，做好职业人群的监测和疫情通报工作，开展职业培训，加强宣传教育、提高防护意识，切实控制布病疫情。

Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of human brucellosis in Qinghai province, in order to provide a theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of brucellosis. Methods Five counties in Qinghai province（Ping＇an county, Haiyan county, Tianjun county, Dari county and Henan county） were selected as monitoring counties in 2010, and three or four townships were selected as monitoring points in each county. People aged 7 to 60 close contacted with livestock were monitored. The methods of rose bengal plate agglutination test（RBPT） and standard tube agglutination test （SAT） were used for serological testing. Brucellosis diagnosis was based on ＂Brucellosis Diagnostic Criteria＂ （WS 269-2007）. Results A total of 2021 high-risk subjects from 5 counties were examined for brucellosis, and 76 （by RBPT） of them were serologically confirmed with a positive rate of 3.76% （76/2021）, SAT positive 15 persons, the average positive rate was 0.74% （15/2021）. The number of infections was 15 cases, average prevalence was 0.74% （15/2021 ）, and 3 new cases were discovered. The seasonal peak of incidence was from February to June. Most of the cases were reported dealing with slaughtering and fur processing. Conclusions The main reasons for epidemic rise are that the source of infection is not completely clear and weak awareness of self-protection in employees. So we must strengthen the quarantine, do surveillance on occupational groups and epidemic reporting work, carry out vocational training, strengthen publicity and education, and enhance the protection awareness. Thus brucellosis epidemic will be effectively controlled.