中产阶层政治动向研究述评

A Review of the Research on Political Status of the Middle Class

中国中产阶层政治动向的研究,大体上存在通过问卷和访谈观察中产阶层民主意识和研究中产阶层集体性政治活动两种方法。在中产阶层的政治态度上,学界存在三种观点:总体保守、比较激进、缺乏统一性;在政治功能上,也存在中产阶级是社会政治稳定的基础、社会变革的基础、社会发展中的异化力量三种不同结论。当前中产阶层政治动向的研究应当在研究对象上重视边缘中产阶层的政治动向;在研究问题上关注中间阶层政治态度及其社会政治功能是否发生演化;在研究领域上重点关注网络时代公共事件中中产阶层的政治参与。

The research on the political status of the middle class in contemporary China has developed two methods： one is to investigate the democratic cognition by questionnaire and interview, and the other is to research the collectively political actions. As for the political attitudes of the middle class, researchers have three opinions： conservative, radical and lacking uniform attitudes. On the political functions of the middle class, there are three kinds of conclusions： they are the basement of social political stability; they are the foundation of social change; they are alienation powers in social development. The research of the political trend of the middle class should pay more attention to the following aspects： the political trend of the marginal middle class; the evolvement of political attitudes and functions of the middle class; the political participation of the middle class in public affairs in network era.