大型古建筑文物三维数字化保护研究——以白马寺齐云塔为例

Research on 3D digitization protection of large historic building relic take great white horse temple's Qiyun pagoda for exampole

针对大型古建筑文物结构复杂,数字化保护工作繁琐而沉重的问题,提出融合多种精密测量技术的三维数字化方法.用GPS测设精密控制网来确定古建筑文物的空间坐标和方位;用三维激光扫描仪获取密集点云来构建精细三维数据模型;用高精度免棱镜全站仪精确观测特征点,与三维激光扫描测量进行精度的相互检核.以该方法在白马寺齐云塔数字化保护应用为例,详细阐述了外业数据采集的方法和技术,并在点云拼接、三维建模、数据分析等方面讨论了内业数据处理的方法与技术.

Large historic building relic commonly has complex construction, and the digitization protection is a cockamamie and heavy workload. To resolve this problem, we present a 3D digitization method with multi-pre- cision measurement data fusion, we use GPS to observe precise control network and locate the coordinate and orientation about the historic building relic, employ 3D laser scanner to acquire dense point cloud and build precise 3D model, and use high accuracy non-prism electronic total station to observe precise characteristic points and detect precision with 5D laser scanner for each other. The paper takes the digitization protection of Great White House Templeg Qiyun Pagoda for example, has a detailed presentation on method and technology in field work, and discusses the method and technology in interior work in several aspects, such as point cloud registering, 3D modeling and data analysis.