可持续发展的公平性原则与广东林业再发展

FAIRNESS PRINCIPLE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION OF FORESTRY IN GUANGDONG

自 8 0年代中期以来 ,广东造林绿化取得了显著成绩 ,现在正面临林业的再发展问题。应当把这个问题提到可持续发展的高度来认识。可持续发展的一个重要原则是公平性原则。在广东林业再发展过程中 ,也需要应用这一原则来处理人与人、人与自然之间的关系。林业应该得到全社会的支持。应当营造更多类似于天然地带性植被的生态公益林。在市场经济条件下 ,伴随着城市化的进程 ,合理引导部分林区人口与劳动力向二、三产业转移 ,向平原地区和城镇转移是重要的。

Great achievement has been gained in afforestation in Guangdong since the mid-1980s. The area of forest land the growing stock increased from 4 6×10 6 hm 2 and 170×10 6 m 3 in 1985 to 9 0×10 6 hm 2 and 291×10 6 m 3 in 1998,respectively,as the percentage of forest cover from 27 7% to 56 6%.But there are still some problems with the forestry in the province:(1)the proportion structures of forests have been not good,showing that timber woods,coniferous woods and young woods account for much larger proportions than ecological,mix and ripe ones;(2)the forests suffer from frequent fire,diseases and insect pests;(3)the eclogical and environmental functions of the forests have been low,especially,in protection of biodiversity and control of soil erosion;(4)the industrialization level of forestry has been low. For further development of forestry in Guangdong, the ideology of sustainable development should be adopted, in which the fairness principle should be implemented. Forestry should be supported by the whole society, and more public welfare forests be constructed into those similar to natural zonal vegetation. Under the conditions of market economy, correct guidance should be given to the migration of population in forest region with the process of urbanization in the province.