城市郊区设施蔬菜生产劳动力调查研究——基于阳泉市郊区的调查

Survey on the Agricultural Labor Force of Facility Vegetables in Suburbs

设施蔬菜生产是一个技术要求比较高、劳动投入比较大的产业,劳动力是影响设施蔬菜生产的首要因素。采用典型抽样问卷调查和访谈调查方法开展研究。研究结果显示设施蔬菜生产费工多,比较辛苦;菜农技术掌握程度较好,但经营技术还有待提高;设施蔬菜生产提高了土地生产率,增加了农民收入,但和打工相比缺乏比较优势;设施蔬菜经营者存在劳动力年龄大、女性为主的问题;菜农子女从事农业的比例较低,从事农业的意愿不强。从农业劳动力可持续发展的角度,提高菜农收入、培训经营技术、解决劳动力短缺是郊区设施蔬菜的出路。

Facility vegetable production is a labor-- intensive industry with high technology, in which labor force is the primary factor. Based on representative sampling and interview , the survey reveals existing problems as follows： it is a hard job with large amount of labor force;farmers have better technical knowledge but lack of management skill; it does increase the famers＇ income but has less advantage compared with that of working for others; aged and female labor force are dominant; second-generation farmers are unwilling to continue working in this field. It proposed solutions from the perspective of sustainable development, namely, increasing farmers＇ income, training management skills and solving labor shortage.