硫硒配施对茎瘤芥生长和营养效应的研究

Effect of Sulfur and Selenium Combination on the Growth and Nutrition of Tuber Mustard

以茎瘤芥品种‘涪杂1号’为材料,通过盆栽实验探讨不同浓度的硫(S)、硒(Se)配施处理对茎瘤芥干物质积累、矿质元素吸收及膨大茎营养品质的影响,为生产中合理施用硫、硒肥提供理论依据.结果表明:与对照(S0Se0,未施硫硒肥)相比,增施硫、硒肥处理均能显著提高茎瘤芥的根、膨大茎、叶片和单株干物质产量,并以S50Se1[S/Se=50(mg/kg)/1(mg/kg)]和S100Se1的处理效果较好,其单株干物质产量分别比对照显著增加32.3%和36.2%;不同硫、硒浓度配施处理对茎瘤芥13种矿质元素积累的影响不同,主要显著促进了茎、叶对氮、磷、钾、硫、硒的吸收积累,而对其它元素的影响不显著,其中茎、叶的硒含量以S50Se3处理最高,硫含量以S100Se1处理最高;各硫硒配施处理对膨大茎营养品质的影响不同,其中S50Se1和S50Se3处理能显著提高膨大茎有机硒、总氨基酸和粗蛋白含量,而对维生素C和可溶性糖含量无显著影响.可见,适宜的硫硒配施可以明显促进其对矿质元素的吸收,提高植株干物质积累,有效改善茎瘤芥膨大茎营养品质,且硫硒配施用量以S 50mg/kg、Se 1mg/kg为宜.

Tuber Mustards（Brassica juncea var.tumida） were studied in dry matter yield,mineral accumulation and nutrition quality,on the five levels of Sulfur（S） and Selenium（Se） fertilizer added to the soil.The results showed that the yields of dry matter were increased significantly by the addition of the S and Se to soil.The higher yields of dry matter were obtained in the treatments of S50Se1[S/Se=50（mg/kg）/1（mg/kg）] and S100Se1,with increases of 32.3% and 36.2%,respectively.All treatments could promote the absorption of nitrogen（N）,phosphorus（P）,potassium（K）,S,Se in both leaves and tubers,but had no apparent effect on the other elements in leaves or tubers.The highest value of S content in leaf and tuber was related with the treatment of S100Se1,while the highest value of Se content in leaf and tuber was related with the treatment of S50Se3.In the aspect of tuber quality,the treatments of S50Se1 and S50Se3 could improve the quality of tuber significantly,including organic Se,total amino acid,and crude protein.In conclusion,the combination of S and Se fertilizer was feasible for tuber mustard in accumulating of mineral element,improving the dry matter yield and nutritional quality,and the treatment of S50Se1（S=50 mg/kg,Se=1 mg/kg） was recommended.