厦门地区杂色花蛤的病毒观察与检测

Observation and Detection of Viruses infecting Venerupis variegate in Xiamen Sea area

在厦门海区对虾养殖内外环境中，电镜观察发现了杂色花蛤肝胰腺的一种杆状病毒和两种球状病毒。杆状病毒大小为（８５～９０）ｎｍ×（２４０～２６４）ｎｍ，有包膜，存在于细胞核中，细胞质可见。一种球状病毒直径为７０～８０ｎｍ，有包膜，存在于细胞质中．另一种球状病毒直径为９５～１２０ｎｍ，有包膜，存在于细胞核中。用免疫酶组织化学法检测表明，杂色花蛤所带杆状病毒与ＢＭＮＶ有抗原性正相关，其检出率随季节变化，暗示自然生长且感染病毒的杂色花蛤可能是日本对虾杆状病毒病的传染源。

One kind of rod-shaped virus and two kinds of spheroid viruses had been observed in the hepatopancreatic cells of Venerupis variegate from the shrimp culturing environment in the Xiamen sea area. The rod-shaped virus of about 85-90 um in diameter and 240-264um in length has been observed in cellular nucleus and also could be found in the cytoplasm. One type of spheroid Virus with 70-80 nm in diameter is observed in the cytoplasm, whereas the other spheroid virus of about 95-120 nm in diameter which is also enveloped, is found in the cellular nucleus. Hepatopancreatic tissues of V. variegate have been detected with the enzyme-labeled immunoglobulin against the BMNV from Penaeus japonicus. The results show a positive antigenic relationship between these two kinds of rod-shaped viruses. The detection ratio of infected V. variegate is high and varied as the season changes, suggesting that the naturally growing infected V. variegate may be the source of BMNV virosis disease of P. japonicus.