西北地区溶磷真菌对‘红地球’葡萄促生效应因子分析

Effects of Eight Strains of Phosphate-solubilizing Fungi in Northwest Area on ‘Red Globe’ Grape Growth-based on Factor Analysis Method

以盆栽‘红地球’葡萄为试材,对筛选自甘肃莫高、陕西泾阳、陕西杨凌和山西永济等地葡萄园土壤中的3株菌根真菌和5株溶磷真菌促生能力进行考察,测定了目标菌株对‘红地球’葡萄株高、干质量、叶绿素含量、植株含磷量和土壤有效磷、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和净光合速率等11个相关指标,利用 SPSS 软件对这些促生效应指标进行相关分析和因子分析,并利用因子得分进行综合评价。提取4个公因子作为新的综合指标来代替原来的11个指标,并命名为:生物量因子(F1)、蒸腾作用因子(F2)、土壤有效磷因子(F3)和光合作用因子(F4)。其中生物量因子(F1)对原指标体系的方差贡献率最大,因此,F1因子所包含的植株株高、植株干质量、含磷量及叶绿素含量是评价真菌促生效应最重要的生物量指标。综合分析结果得出,3株菌根真菌的促生能力明显高于5株溶磷真菌。而溶磷真菌中,MG-(1)的促生能力最高,其余真菌虽有一定的促生作用,但促生能力低于平均水平,其能力大小依次为 YL-D>JY-B>YL-F>YJ-7。

Eight strains of phosphate-dissolving fungi which isolated from four grape-producing areas in Northwest China were studied in a pot experiment of ＇Red Globe＇ grape, 11 growth promoting indicators including plant height, dry weight, phosphorus content, chlorophyll, soil available phosphorus, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were evaluated. With factor analysis, four components were extracted to represent the original 11 indicators, they were： Biomass factor （F 1 ）, transpiration factor （F2）, the soil phosphorus factor （F3） and photosynthesis （F4） . The biomass factor （F1） had the largest percentage of variance contribution, which indicated related indicators of plant height, dry weight, phosphorus content and chlorophyll content were the most important for evaluating the growth promoting abilities of these fungi. According to the comprehensive evaluation, the promoting abilities of three AM fungi were significantly higher than that of five phosphate-solubilizing fungi （PSF） . Besides, compared with other four, MG- （ 1 ） showed the higher ability among the five PSF. The other four PSF had the promotion effects, though, lower than the average. The ability was. YL-D 〉 JY-B 〉 YL-F 〉 YJ-7.