一种基于位置和分簇的无线传感器网络实时路由协议

A Real-time Routing Protocol Based on Location and Cluster for Wireless Sensor Networks

针对信息-物理融合系统等无线传感器网络应用中对服务质量的要求,尤其是在实时、能耗等方面,提出了一种基于地理位置信息和分簇技术相结合的实时路由协议。该协议利用节点位置信息确定簇的大小并实现网络的均匀划分,采用基于锚节点、质心和剩余能量相结合的混合簇头选举方法,实现能量均衡,同时,在簇间数据包转发中采用动态路由机制,调整包的端到端的传输速率,以满足实时性要求。仿真结果表明,该协议不仅能够有效地平衡网络能耗、延长网络的生命周期,而且具有较好的实时性。

To meet the QoS requirements in the applications of wireless sensor networks, especially in real-time and energy, a realtime routing protocol is proposed, in which localization and clustering is integrated. The cluster is determined by using location information of nodes. Cluster head is elected by utilizing a hybrid method based on the anchor nodes, barycenter and residual energy, so as to balance the energy consumption of the network. In addition, a dynamic routing mechanism is applied to dynamically adjust the transmission rate of data packets, in order to meet the real-time QoS. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol can not only effectively balance the energy consumption to extend the network lifetime, but also lower the delay to meet some real-time requirements.