小麦杂种F_3代茎秆机械强度的选择效应分析

Analysis on Selection Effect of Stalk Mechanical Strength of Hybrid Wheat in F_3 Generation

以山农3068/济麦4072、山农3068/济麦20两个组合的F3、F4群体为试材,研究了高、中、低三类茎秆机械强度类群的选择效应。结果表明:F3代高机械强度类群的直接选择在F4代获得了较高的相对遗传进度;不同类群的茎秆机械强度的选择对其他抗倒性状的影响不同,其中高机械强度类群的选择能有效降低抗倒指数,从而提高抗倒性;不同机械强度类群的选择都提高了千粒重,但减少了穗粒数,对穗数的影响较小,总体上利于单株产量的提高。

The F3 and F4 populations of two hybridized combination of SN3068 x JN4072 （A） and SN3068 x JM20 （B） were used to study the selection effect of three stem types with high, medium and low mechanical strength. The results showed that the F3 generation with high mechanical strength of the direct choice groups obtained relatively higher genetic progress in the F4 generation. The seleetion of different stem mechanical strength groups had different influences on the choice of other lodging characters, and the lodging index of the selection group with high mechanical strength could be redueed effectively, thereby the lodging re- sistance could be enhanced. The selection of different mechanical strength groups increased the choice of 1 000- grain weight, but decreased that of grain number and had less impact on the ear number. On the whole, it was conducive to the improvement of yield per plant.