山东省不同地区M26矮化中间砧对苹果树生长发育、果实产量与品质的影响

Effects of Dwarfing Interstock M26 on Growth,Yield and Quality of Apple Trees in Different Areas of Shandong Province

对山东烟台、威海、菏泽、临沂、枣庄等地以M26为矮化中间砧的苹果树产量和品质性能进行了全面调查。结果表明:M26矮化效果稳定,成龄大树平均树高2.90 m,干周38.98 cm,分别相当于乔砧树的81.19%和70.38%;早实性好,3年生平均坐果株率为76.27%,第4年折合666.7m2产量808.59 kg;丰产性强,盛果期年均折合666.7m2产量4 707.77 kg,为乔砧栽培的1.13倍;果实品质好,着色指数、果面光洁度、可溶性固形物含量分别为乔砧树的1.10、1.10、1.02倍;经济寿命长,可在山东大部分苹果产区发展。

The yield and quality properties of apple trees with M26 as dwarfing interstock were surveyed comprehensively in Yantai, Weihai, Heze, Linyi, Zaozhuang and Qingdao areas of Shandong Province. The results showed that the dwarfing effect of M26 was stable, and the average height and stem girth of mature tree were 2.90 m and 38.98 cm, equivalent to 81.19% and 70.38% of CK respectively. The early -fruiting property was good with the average fruit - setting rate per plant as 76.27% for 3 - year - old trees and the yield as 808.59 kg per 666.7m2 for 4 - year - old trees. The yield was high with the annual yield as 4 707.77 kg per 666.7m2 at full fruit stage, which was 1.13 times that of CK. The fruit quality was good and the color index, bright and clean of fruit surface and soluble solid content were 1.10, 1.10 and 1.02 times that of CK respectively. The economic life was longer, so M26 could be developed in most apple producing areas of Shandong Province.