不同间作模式对台刈茶园小绿叶蝉及其天敌种群数量的影响

Effect of different interplanting modes on population dynamics of Empoasca pirisuga Matumura and its natural enemy in collar pruning tea garden

研究不同间作模式对台刈茶园小绿叶蝉及其主要天敌圆果大赤螨种群数量的影响。在试验台刈茶园设置3种不同耕作模式的试验区,即间作藿香蓟的生物覆盖区(A)、对比间种决明的生物覆盖区(B)、清耕区(C)。结果表明:9月份,藿香蓟生殖生长的盛花期也是叶蝉的第2高峰期,(C)区叶蝉的平均虫口密度为14.6头/m2,圆果大赤螨的平均螨口密度仅为0.2头/m2,圆果大赤螨与叶蝉的益害比为1:73。(A)区叶蝉平均虫口密度仅为9.3头/m2,圆果大赤螨的平均螨口密度达3.6头/m2,益害比为1:2.6。(B)区叶蝉平均虫口密度为13.9头/m2,圆果大赤螨的平均螨口密度为0.7头/m2,益害比为1:19.8。在盛夏7～8月,(A)、(B)区与(C)区相比,空气平均温度降低2.57～2.84℃,平均相对湿度提高12%～13%。间作的生物覆盖措施均能显著改善茶园的小气候,但有较长花期的藿香蓟的花粉及花蕊上取食的啮虫幼虫可成为圆果大赤螨丰富的食料。所以,在台刈茶园间作藿香蓟可构建良好的茶树-藿香蓟人工复合生态系统,扩大茶园主要害虫小绿叶蝉的天敌圆果大赤螨种群数量,促进茶园以螨治虫的生态控制效应。

To study the effect of different interplanting modes on population dynamics of Empoasca pirisuga Matumura and its natural enemy Anystis baccarum Lirmacus, three different cultivation modes were set in a collar pruning tea garden, namely, the tea garden area interplanted with Ageratum conyzoides （A） , the tea garden area contrast interplanted with Catsia tora （B） , and clean tillage tea garden area （C） . The second peak of Empoasca pirisuga Matumura occurred in September and the florescence stage of Ageratum conyzoides was also in September. The average density of Empoascapirisuga Matumura for treatment C was 14.6head/mz, and the average density of Anystis baccarum Linnacus was only 0.2head/m2. The ratio of Anystis baccarum Linnacu to Empoasca pirisuga Matumura was 1：73. The average density of Empoasca pirisuga Matumura for treatment A was 9.3head/m2, and the average density of Anystis baccarum Linnacus was only 3.6head/m2. The ratio of Anystis baccarum Linnacu to Empoasca pirisuga Matumura was 1：2.6. The average density of Empoascapirisuga Matumura for treatment B was 13.ghead/m2, and the average density ofAnystis baccarum Linnacus was only 0.TheadIm2. The ratio of Anystis baccarum Linnacu to Empoasca pirisuga Matumura was 1：19.8. Comparing with C, the average temperature of treatments of A and B decreased by 2.57-2.84°Cand the average air humidity increased by 12%-13% from Jul. to Aug. The different interplanting mode could improve the microclimatic of tea garden and it can supply more foods for Anystis baccarum Linnacu. So in Ageratum conyzoides interplanting tea garden, the tea-Ageratum conyzoides intercropping ecologic system can be build to increase the amount of Empoascapirisuga Matumura and its natural enemy Anystis baccarum Linnacu, and to promote the ecological effect of controlling pests by mites.