中国绿色生态空间研究

Study on Green Ecological Space in China

基于加强生态文明建设的理论基础研究,推进全国主体功能区规划的持续深化,提出并重新界定绿色生态空间的概念,进一步从经济学供需角度,将绿色生态空间划分为3个二级指标:生态空间国土密度、生态空间人口密度、生态空间经济密度,并依据二级指标将全国各省区绿色生态空间大小进行排序(不含香港、澳门),运用灰色相似关联度分析、Q型层次聚类分析和经济社会发展相关性分析展开研究。研究结果表明:各省绿色生态空间供需状况存在较大差异,生态空间人口密度(相对生态空间经济密度)与国土密度变化规律更相似,绿色生态空间和经济增长、人口增长之间不存在明显相关关系。全国主体功能区规划是建立在以资源环境为基础的科学分类标准之上的,但也存在着各规划区域内经济社会发展水平不平衡的问题,经济发展、人口增长与生态资本的增长和环境的改善并不同步。建议实施生态绿色新政,加强绿色生态空间的科学研究,注重全国主体功能区的合理规划;树立生态文化观念,建立生态文明制度;强化生态建设投资;推动相关政策支持。

The article puts forth a concept and a re-definition of Green Ecological Space （GES） , and classifies the green ecological space in land density, population density and economic density based on economic demands and supplies, and arranges the ranks of provinces and regions in order and conducts studies by employing Grey Correlation, Q Type Hierarchical Cluster and Correlations, in order to strengthen the study on the theoretical basis of ecological civilization and promote the proper layout of the National Principal Function Zone. The studies show that there are large disparities on green ecological space supplys and demands by provinces, similar change patterns for population density and land density of the green ecological space and no significant correlations between green ecological space and economic growth and population growth. The National Principal Function Zone Plan is based on the scientific classification on ecology and environment, but there are still mismatches in economic development, population growth, ecological capital accumulation and improvement of environment. The studies suggest that the new deal on green development, improvement of scientific research on green ecological space, rational planning for the National Principal Function Zone Plan should be further emphasized, and ecological culture, ecological institution, ecological investment and relevant policy supports should be strengthened.